This datasets captures the body mass, bill length and bill depth of adult chinstrap penguins immediately after their arrival to Signy Island at the start of the annual breeding from 1996 to 2020. Penguins arriving at the beach were measured for bill length, depth, and body mass before being released where they were captured. These measurements were made in mid/late November, as chinstrap penguins arrive for the austral summer. This monitoring contributes to the CCAMLR (Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources) Ecosystem Monitoring Program (CEMP) and is part of the annual seabird Long Term Monitoring carried out by the British Antarctic Survey at Signy Island. Ecosystems component of BAS Polar Science for Planet Earth Programme, funded by NERC.

Geolocators (GLS) were attached to northern rockhopper penguins breeding on Nightingale Island (37 deg 25 S, 12 deg 28 W: 4 km2) with the aim to study the species'' dispersal in the inter-breeding period, 2017. This data successfully augmented and complemented existing datasets for the species breeding on Nightingale Island and enhanced our understanding of the species'' distribution at sea throughout their annual cycle. There are four different data types for each penguin a) the unprocessed light sensor data, b) the unprocessed activity (wet/dry) data, c) the unprocessed temperature data and d) the estimated positions using the BAStag and SGAT packages in R. Data were collected as part of the Darwin Plus funded Project Pinnamin, 2016 - 2018.

Global Positioning System (GPS Pathrack) data loggers were attached to breeding northern rockhopper penguins during incubation, guard and creche stages between September to December 2016 on Nightingale (37 deg 25''S, 12 deg 28''W; 4 km2) and Inaccessible (37 deg 17''S, 12 deg 40''W; 14 km2) islands. Tracking data successfully augmented and complement existing data sets for the species breeding in the South Atlantic, which enable us to systematically identify areas of particular relevance for this species and thus to help determining whether there is a need to improve marine spatial planning in form of e.g. Marine Protected Areas in the island''s EEZ. There are two data types for each penguin a) the unprocessed raw and b) the processed GPS data (details below). All files are in the CSV format. Data were collected as part of the Darwin Plus funded Project Pinnamin, 2016 - 2018.

Three hundred adult northern rockhopper penguins, Eudyptes moseleyi, and 100 chicks were implanted with PIT tags in the breeding season 2016/17, and 130 adults in 2017/18 on Nightingale (37 deg 25''S, 12 deg 28''W). To monitor annual survival two automated PIT readers were installed on each of the main pathways penguins use to commute between the sea and their colonies. There are two files comprising a) the list of PIT tags implanted and b) the reader crossings during from September 2016 to January 2018. Data were collected as part of the Darwin Plus funded Project Pinnamin, 2016 - 2018.

In 2016, 100 northern Rockhopper penguin nests were marked in the main colony on Nightingale Island (37.254 deg S, 12.2832 deg W) and an additional 50 nests in a small satellite colony (37.252 deg S, 12.2833 deg W). Nests were followed from egg-laying to the creching stage to monitor breeding success and to investigate the impact of colony size as one of the possible drivers of breeding success. Data were collected as part of the Darwin Plus funded Project Pinnamin, 2016 - 2018.

This dataset comprises locational data highlighting the geographic position of emperor penguin colonies along the circumpolar Antarctic coastline as identified from satellite imagery (Sentinel2 and MAXAR VHR (Very High Resolution)) from August to December 2023. This dataset is part of the long-term monitoring of emperor penguin colonies and will support conservation efforts in Antarctica. This dataset was supported by NERC core funding and WWF grant GB095701.

Temperature depth devices (TDR) were attached to northern rockhopper penguins breeding on Nightingale (37 deg 25''S, 12 deg 28''W) to investigate temporal differences in diving behaviour throughout the species'' breeding cycle. The data sets comprise the unprocessed pressure and temperature data for each bird in .csv format. Data were collected as part of the Darwin Plus funded Project Pinnamin, 2016 - 2018.

The colony size and breeding success of Southern giant petrels (Macronectus giganteus) on Signy Island has been monitored annually since 1996. The data presented here includes the number of breeding pairs (occupied nests) and the number of chicks present in their nests prior to fledging. Breeding pairs and chicks are monitored by direct counts at nine sites on the west coast of the island. The nest surveys are undertaken from December to January, with chick counts completed in mid-March. This work was funded by Natural Environment Research Council (UK) core funding to the British Antarctic Survey.